This Month in the Civil War; Grant Takes Charge – by Sandy McBride

Through the winter of 1864, after the stalemate at Mine Run in December, the Union’s Army of the Potomac and the Confederacy’s Army of Northern Virginia hunkered down in winter camp on opposite sides of the Rapidan River in Virginia.  A Federal move on Florida had met with failure in February, as had a cavalry raid on Richmond.  A campaign to traverse the Red River in Louisiana to cut off the flow of arms and goods from Europe to the Confederacy by way of Texas was getting off to a slow start, and an attempt by General William Tecumseh Sherman to link up with General William Sooy Smith and march troops from Meridian, Mississippi to Selma, Alabama had met with failure when Smith’s men were defeated by Nathan Bedford Forrest’s cavalry in an engagement at Okolona.  Sherman burned the city of Meridian and returned to Vicksburg.

 

Full article in the March 13th edition of the Express.

Grant Takes Vicksburg – By Sandy McBride

THIS MONTH IN THE CIVIL WAR – July, 1863

Vicksburg, Mississippi was a natural fortress.  On a high bluff on the east side of the wide Mississippi River where it makes a sharp hairpin turn, the city was protected on its land sides by terrain so rough and hilly that it made ground assaults perilous, but also lent itself to the building of fortifications. Whoever controlled Vicksburg controlled the river.

The Union’s first attempts to capture Vicksburg and thus open transportation routes on the Mississippi occurred in June of 1862 when Union Admirals David Farragut and Charles Henry Davis attacked the city from the river.  It was the first of a long series of failed attempts by Federal forces to dislodge the rebels from their stronghold.

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Roundabout Road To Vicksburg – By Sandy McBride


This Month in the Civil War – May, 1863

  General Ulysses S. Grant’s attempt to cross his Army of the Tennessee into Mississippi at Grand Gulf on April 29, 1863 met with fierce resistance from the Confederates whose hastily constructed defenses atop a 50 foot high promontory featured 16 artillery pieces.  As Admiral David Porter bombarded them from his ships in the river, the rebels fought back fiercely.  A duel went on for five hours, with Grant watching the action from a tug in the middle of the Mississippi.

Seeing that the Confederates were not about to give in, Grant opted to seek out a new crossing site where his soldiers would have a passable route overland to Grand Gulf.  He needed Grand Gulf for a supply base as he moved to capture the crucial Mississippi river port of Vicksburg.

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